diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/usr/UserDetail/UserDetailToolbar.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/usr/UserDetail/UserDetailToolbar.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b4ed18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/usr/UserDetail/UserDetailToolbar.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+// REQ-USR-001 / REQ-USR-002: 用户单据工具栏（保存/取消/新增 + 占位按钮 + 齿轮，BR12/BR13/BR14/BR15/D8/D10）
+import { Button, App as AntdApp } from 'antd';
+import {
+  SaveOutlined,
+  CloseCircleOutlined,
+  PlusCircleOutlined,
+  SettingOutlined,
+} from '@ant-design/icons';
+import {
+  TEXT_SAVE,
+  TEXT_CANCEL,
+  TEXT_NEW,
+  TEXT_DELETE,
+  TEXT_VOID,
+  TEXT_RESET_PWD,
+  TEXT_UNVOID,
+  TEXT_FUNC,
+  MSG_FUNC_PLACEHOLDER,
+} from './constants';
+import styles from './UserDetail.module.css';
+
+export interface UserDetailToolbarProps {
+  mode: 'create' | 'edit';
+  submitting: boolean;
+  canSave: boolean;
+  onSave(): void;
+  onCancel(): void;
+  onNew(): void;
+}
+
+const PLACEHOLDER_BUTTONS = [TEXT_DELETE, TEXT_VOID, TEXT_RESET_PWD, TEXT_UNVOID, TEXT_FUNC];
+
+export default function UserDetailToolbar({
+  submitting,
+  canSave,
+  onSave,
+  onCancel,
+  onNew,
+}: UserDetailToolbarProps) {
+  const { message } = AntdApp.useApp();
+  const placeholder = () => message.info(MSG_FUNC_PLACEHOLDER);
+
+  return (
+    <div className={styles.toolbar}>
+      <Button
+        type="primary"
+        icon={<SaveOutlined />}
+        loading={submitting}
+        disabled={submitting || !canSave}
+        onClick={() => onSave()}
+        data-testid="btn-save"
+      >
+        {TEXT_SAVE}
+      </Button>
+      <Button
+        type="text"
+        icon={<CloseCircleOutlined />}
+        onClick={() => onCancel()}
+        data-testid="btn-cancel"
+      >
+        {TEXT_CANCEL}
+      </Button>
+      <Button
+        type="text"
+        icon={<PlusCircleOutlined />}
+        onClick={() => onNew()}
+        data-testid="btn-new"
+      >
+        {TEXT_NEW}
+      </Button>
+
+      {PLACEHOLDER_BUTTONS.map((label) => (
+        <Button key={label} type="text" onClick={placeholder} data-testid={'btn-ph-' + label}>
+          {label}
+        </Button>
+      ))}
+
+      <span className={styles.toolbarSpacer} />
+
+      <span
+        className={styles.gear}
+        data-testid="btn-gear"
+        role="presentation"
+        aria-label="设置"
+        onClick={placeholder}
+      >
+        <SettingOutlined />
+      </span>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/frontend/tests/unit/UserDetailToolbar.test.tsx b/frontend/tests/unit/UserDetailToolbar.test.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbfa37e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/tests/unit/UserDetailToolbar.test.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// REQ-USR-001 / REQ-USR-002: UserDetailToolbar 工具栏单测（保存/取消/新增 + 提交中禁用 + 占位按钮，BR12/BR13/BR14/BR15/D8）
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
+import { screen } from '@testing-library/react';
+import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event';
+
+const messageSpy = { success: vi.fn(), error: vi.fn(), warning: vi.fn(), info: vi.fn() };
+vi.mock('antd', async () => {
+  const actual = await vi.importActual<typeof import('antd')>('antd');
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    App: Object.assign(actual.App, { useApp: () => ({ message: messageSpy }) }),
+  };
+});
+
+import { renderShell } from './renderShell';
+import UserDetailToolbar from '../../src/pages/usr/UserDetail/UserDetailToolbar';
+
+function setup(over: { mode?: 'create' | 'edit'; submitting?: boolean; canSave?: boolean } = {}) {
+  const onSave = vi.fn();
+  const onCancel = vi.fn();
+  const onNew = vi.fn();
+  renderShell(
+    <UserDetailToolbar
+      mode={over.mode ?? 'create'}
+      submitting={over.submitting ?? false}
+      canSave={over.canSave ?? true}
+      onSave={onSave}
+      onCancel={onCancel}
+      onNew={onNew}
+    />,
+    { preloadedAuth: { token: 't', user: { id: 1, sUserName: 'a', sUserType: 'x', sLanguage: '中文' } } },
+  );
+  return { onSave, onCancel, onNew };
+}
+
+describe('UserDetailToolbar', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+  });
+
+  it('renders 保存/取消/新增 + placeholder buttons + gear', () => {
+    setup();
+    expect(screen.getByTestId('btn-save')).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.getByTestId('btn-cancel')).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.getByTestId('btn-new')).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.getByText('删除')).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.getByText('作废')).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.getByText('重置密码')).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.getByText('取消作废')).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.getByText('功能')).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.getByTestId('btn-gear')).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it('click 保存 calls onSave / 取消 calls onCancel / 新增 calls onNew', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup();
+    const { onSave, onCancel, onNew } = setup();
+    await user.click(screen.getByTestId('btn-save'));
+    expect(onSave).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    await user.click(screen.getByTestId('btn-cancel'));
+    expect(onCancel).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    await user.click(screen.getByTestId('btn-new'));
+    expect(onNew).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  });
+
+  it('submitting disables 保存 and shows loading', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup();
+    const { onSave } = setup({ submitting: true });
+    const btn = screen.getByTestId('btn-save');
+    expect(btn).toBeDisabled();
+    await user.click(btn);
+    expect(onSave).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('canSave=false disables 保存', () => {
+    setup({ canSave: false });
+    expect(screen.getByTestId('btn-save')).toBeDisabled();
+  });
+
+  it('placeholder buttons show 功能开发中 (no business callback)', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup();
+    const { onSave, onCancel, onNew } = setup();
+    await user.click(screen.getByText('删除'));
+    expect(messageSpy.info).toHaveBeenCalledWith('功能开发中');
+    await user.click(screen.getByTestId('btn-gear'));
+    expect(messageSpy.info).toHaveBeenCalledWith('功能开发中');
+    expect(onSave).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(onCancel).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(onNew).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+});